Total knee replacement (TKR), or knee arthroplasty, is a medical procedure that replaces damaged knee joints with prosthetics. It offers relief from pain and restricted mobility caused by conditions like osteoarthritis and is a viable option when treatments like medication and physiotherapy fail. 

In India, advancements in medical technology, government-regulated implant pricing and competitive healthcare costs have made TKR more accessible. Let’s understand the factors affecting knee replacement surgery cost in India.

Factors Contributing to the Cost of Knee Replacement 

The cost of knee replacement surgery can vary significantly depending on several factors. Let’s explore these in detail:-

Type of Knee Replacement Surgery

• Unilateral Knee Replacement: This involves replacing a single knee joint and is generally more affordable. It is suitable for patients with damage in only one knee, often due to arthritis or injury.
• Bilateral Knee Replacement: This procedure replaces both knees simultaneously, which increases the cost due to extended surgical time, hospital stay, and the need for two implants. 
• Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS): This advanced technique involves smaller incisions, less tissue damage, and faster recovery. The specialised skills and equipment required make MIS more expensive than traditional methods.
• High-Flex Knee Implants: Designed to allow greater mobility post-surgery, these implants are more costly than standard options.
• Oxinium Implants: Made from oxidised zirconium, these implants are highly durable and resistant to wear, often leading to higher costs.
• Revision Knee Replacement: If a previous knee replacement fails or complications arise, revision surgery is required. This is usually more complex and costlier than the initial procedure.

Surgeon’s Expertise

The surgeon’s experience and reputation significantly impact the cost. Highly skilled surgeons with extensive experience may charge higher fees but offer better outcomes, reducing the risk of complications and ensuring a smoother recovery.

Hospital Charges

The choice of hospital plays a major role in determining the overall expense. Many hospitals in major cities like Mumbai and Bangalore may charge higher due to their advanced facilities, latest technology, and expert staff. Key components of hospital charges include:

• Operating room fees
• Anaesthesia costs
• Post-operative care and monitoring

Choice of Implant

Implants are a critical component of knee replacement surgery, and their cost depends on the materials and features:

• Standard Implants: Affordable and suitable for most patients.
• Premium Implants: Made of high-quality materials like cobalt-chromium or Oxinium, offering enhanced durability and mobility.
• Customised Implants: Designed to fit a patient’s unique anatomy for improved outcomes, but at a higher cost.

Post-Surgery Care and Rehabilitation

The recovery phase is crucial for the success of knee replacement surgery. Costs associated with post-operative care include:

• Physiotherapy sessions to restore mobility and strength
• Medications to manage pain and prevent infection
• Follow-up consultations with the surgeon to monitor progress

The duration and intensity of rehabilitation vary from patient to patient, influencing the overall expenditure.

Average Cost of Knee Replacement Surgery in India

The knee replacement surgery cost in India typically ranges from Rs. 1.2 Lakh to 6 Lakh. Here’s a breakdown:

• Unilateral Knee Replacement: Rs. 1.5–2.5 Lakh
• Bilateral Knee Replacement: Rs. 3–6 lakh

In recent years, government regulations on knee implant pricing have made these surgeries more affordable. To calculate the total cost accurately, patients should also inquire about additional expenses, such as diagnostic tests, medications, and rehabilitation.

Financial Assistance and Insurance Coverage

Health insurance often plays an important role in managing the costs of knee replacement surgery. Many insurance policies cover the procedure, especially when it is deemed medically necessary due to conditions like arthritis or injury. Patients should verify the specifics of their policy, including:

• Coverage for implants
• Pre- and post-surgery expenses
• Network hospitals for cashless treatment

Some hospitals offer financing options in addition to insurance, allowing patients to pay for the surgery in instalments. This makes high-quality care accessible to a broader range of patients.

Benefits of Knee Replacement Surgery

While the cost may seem a bit higher, knee replacement surgery offers life-changing benefits, including:

• Alleviation of chronic pain
• Improved mobility and quality of life
• Ability to perform daily activities without discomfort

With proper planning, patients can balance the financial aspects while achieving these transformative outcomes.

Know more about : Knee Replacement Surgery – What To Expect & How to prepare for it?

Conclusion

Knee replacement surgery is a transformative procedure that alleviates pain and restores mobility for those with severe knee conditions. India is home to reputed medical facilities like BLK Max Super Speciality Hospital, offering advanced orthopaedic care that combines high-quality treatment with affordability. Factors such as the type of surgery, implant selection, and hospital charges significantly influence the overall cost. Exploring health insurance and financing options can ease financial concerns. Proper planning and expert care make this surgery a valuable investment in improving quality of life.